-----------------------------------------------------------------
Chapter 17 (543-564) Summary: 560 Review Questions p560-562
----------------------------------------------------------------
1) What is a recursive function?

2) What are the base cases of a recursive function?

3) What is the 'winding up' and 'winding down' of a recursive
   function?

4) How is the stack used in recursive functions?

5) How do you prove that a recursive function is correct?
   -show base cases are correct
   -show recursive case always works toward base cases
   -prove recursive case is correct

6) Is recursion faster than iteration? Explain.

7) What is the difference between recursion and iteration.

8) Write code for this recursive function . . .

9) What is the output of the following code . . .

10) What is stack overflow in recursive functions?

11) Can all recursive functions be rewritten iteratively? 

12) What is necessary to re-write all recursive functions iteratively?



-------------------------------------------------------------------
Chapter 9 (281-308)  Summary: p303 Review Questions p304-305

We have not discussed constructors yet and thus, many of the review
questions are not yet accessible for this exam. Focus on:
Review questions: 1, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16
------------------------------------------------------------------
 Short Answer Questions
------------------------------------------------------------------

1) What does the C++ keyword struct do?

2) What does the C++ keyword class do?

3) What is data encapsulation?

4) What is information hiding?

5) Why are classes safer than structs?

6) Demonstrate in code how to make a class.

7) Variables describe an is-a relationship while classes describe a
   have-a relationship. Example - consider the following two code
   segments:

//segment 1
int a; // a is an integer.

//segment 2 
class Date {
private:
//accessors mutators and other functions go here
public:
  int month;
  int day;
  int year;
};
//Date has-a day month and year.

8) What is an accessor function?

9) What is a mutator function?

10) Why are accessor and mutator functions necessary when using
    classes and not necessary when using structs? Be sure to describe
    why to both.

11) Design a class for ...

12) Demonstrate the proper way to define a class. 

13) Given a class called Help, demonstrate how to compile the class's
    implementation file and the main program file called main.cpp.

14) Given a class called Help, what two files should be associated
    with this class. Describe what these two files do/What is their
    purpose?

15) What does #include do?

16) What is a preprocessor command? Name two.

17) What is the difference between #ifndef and #define?

18) What is the scope resolution operator?

19) What does the scope resolution operator do?

20) Why is the scope resolution operator necessary?

------------------------------------------------------------------
 True or False example questions 
(some of the statements below are true and some are false)
------------------------------------------------------------------
1) All data in a struct is public.
2) All data in a struct is private.
3) All data in a class is public.
4) All data in a class is private.
5) Classes are safer than structs.
6) Structs are safer than classes.
7) #include is used to properly protect a header file from multiple
    inclusions.
8) #ifndef is used to properly protect a header file from multiple
    inclusions.
9) #include is used to incorporate class header files and function
    prototypes into a program or implementation file.
10) #endif is needed after a #define.
11) #endif is needed after a #ifndef.
12) #endif is needed after a #include.
13) Classes should be defined in separate files.
14) Classes should be defined in the main program file.